Blockchain and lightweight cryptography techniques in electronic healthcare system

In the present era, healthcare sector is undergoing a significant transformation by embracing innovative advancements and adjusting to the changing landscape of digital technologies and global transitions. This transition is altering methods through which healthcare services are provided and received, leading to a fundamental change in industry. An essential element in healthcare is guarantecing optimal security for sensitive patient information, which is crucial for upholding patient confidentiality & privacy. The integration of blockchain technology in conjunction with lightweight cryptography has attracted considerable attention for its potential to improve data security through decentralization and encryption mechanisms. By employing blockchain technology, Electronic Health Systems (EHS) improve patient data integrity & confidentiality, which facilitates sharing of medical information in Electronic Health Records (EHR) via online platforms. This sharing may encompass data from various sources like Internet of Things (IoT) devices as well as applications for mobile health. In instances where resources are scarce, such as in high-level cryptography scenarios, encrypting patient data can present challenges. Yet, lightweight cryptography methods present a more viable option for effectively safeguarding patient information. The primary aim of this review literature is to underscore significant function & effect of blockchain technology in EHR. Additionally, article intends to investigate application of lightweight cryptographic techniques such as EDSCA with SHA-256, utilization of blockchain technology in EHR systems, together with identification of potential research needs.